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    Author: Le Minh Khai

    This author has written 1199 articles
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    Read more about the article Sanfoqi & Srivijaya – Is it Time to Start Playing Hardball?

    Sanfoqi & Srivijaya – Is it Time to Start Playing Hardball?

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 8, 2026
    • Post category:Uncategorized
    • Post comments:7 Comments

    Roughly six years ago I started to write about my discovery that a placename that appears in Chinese sources called Sanfoqi signified “Kambuja/Kampuchea” rather than “Srivijaya” as scholars had claimed…

    Continue ReadingSanfoqi & Srivijaya – Is it Time to Start Playing Hardball?
    Read more about the article AI and the Coming of “Universal Knowledge”

    AI and the Coming of “Universal Knowledge”

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 8, 2026
    • Post category:AI & History/Content Asian Studies
    • Post comments:3 Comments

    In the past week, I’ve had a few “Wow!” moments related to LLMs, AI, and digital knowledge, and so I thought I’d document that here. The comments I will make…

    Continue ReadingAI and the Coming of “Universal Knowledge”
    Read more about the article Anton Zakharov’s Review of Rescuing History from Srivijaya (Part 1)

    Anton Zakharov’s Review of Rescuing History from Srivijaya (Part 1)

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 7, 2026
    • Post category:Sanfoqi vs Srivijaya
    • Post comments:0 Comments

    Three years ago, epigrapher Anton O. Zakharov published a detailed discussion of the first part of my “Rescuing History from Srivijaya” article, entitled “Srivijaya or Angkor? Notes on Liam Kelley’s…

    Continue ReadingAnton Zakharov’s Review of Rescuing History from Srivijaya (Part 1)
    Read more about the article Shepo 闍婆 was DEFINITELY in the Songkhla Area

    Shepo 闍婆 was DEFINITELY in the Songkhla Area

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 6, 2026
    • Post category:Sanfoqi vs Srivijaya/Thailand
    • Post comments:9 Comments

    Several years ago, I first suspected that a name that we find in Song-dynasty-era sources, Sanfoqi, referred to “Kambuja/Kampuchea” rather than what most of the rest of the scholarly world…

    Continue ReadingShepo 闍婆 was DEFINITELY in the Songkhla Area
    Read more about the article The Inland Water Route from Nakhon Si Thammarat to Songkhla

    The Inland Water Route from Nakhon Si Thammarat to Songkhla

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 6, 2026
    • Post category:Sanfoqi vs Srivijaya/Thailand
    • Post comments:4 Comments

    If you look at old European maps of the area of what is now southern Thailand, you will notice something odd. From the seventeenth to the nineteenth centuries, these maps…

    Continue ReadingThe Inland Water Route from Nakhon Si Thammarat to Songkhla
    Read more about the article Deciphering Siamese Placenames in Chinese

    Deciphering Siamese Placenames in Chinese

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 4, 2026
    • Post category:Thailand
    • Post comments:0 Comments

    I recently upgraded some maps in Chinese that cover the area of Siam in the eighteenth century. In doing so, I did not update what we can know about the…

    Continue ReadingDeciphering Siamese Placenames in Chinese
    Read more about the article The Lake Songkhla to Kedah Trade Route in the 18th Century

    The Lake Songkhla to Kedah Trade Route in the 18th Century

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 3, 2026
    • Post category:Sanfoqi vs Srivijaya/Thailand
    • Post comments:2 Comments

    For years, I have been arguing that the area between Lake Songkhla and Kedah was home to a trans-peninsular trade route of immense importance in the final centuries of the…

    Continue ReadingThe Lake Songkhla to Kedah Trade Route in the 18th Century
    Read more about the article Three 18th-Century Siam-Related Chinese Maps

    Three 18th-Century Siam-Related Chinese Maps

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:March 3, 2026
    • Post category:Sources/Thailand
    • Post comments:0 Comments

    In 2012, the National Palace Museum in Taiwan held an exhibition of historical maps in its collection and published a catalog of that exhibition entitled “Mapping the Imperial Realm, an…

    Continue ReadingThree 18th-Century Siam-Related Chinese Maps
    Read more about the article Southeast Asia in the Shunfeng Xiangsong

    Southeast Asia in the Shunfeng Xiangsong

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:February 28, 2026
    • Post category:Scholarship on Early Southeast Asia/Sources
    • Post comments:5 Comments

    The Shunfeng xiangsong 順風相送 [Voyage with a Tailwind] is an early Chinese nautical navigation manual. It’s not clear when this text was created, however, one manuscript version of this text…

    Continue ReadingSoutheast Asia in the Shunfeng Xiangsong
    Read more about the article An Example of How Helpful LLMs are Becoming

    An Example of How Helpful LLMs are Becoming

    • Post author:Le Minh Khai
    • Post published:February 26, 2026
    • Post category:AI & History
    • Post comments:2 Comments

    I’m in the process of translating a fourteenth-century text, Wang Dayuan’s 1349 Brief Treatise on the Island Barbarians (Daoyi zhilue 島夷誌略), and I do this by putting passages in Grok,…

    Continue ReadingAn Example of How Helpful LLMs are Becoming
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